MCQ On Research Aptitude For NTA NET Exam
(MCQ Research Aptitude Based on Solved Paper UGC NET EXAM 2006-2018)
1. There are two sets given below. Set – I specifies the types of research, while Set – II indicates
their characteristics. Match the two and give your answer by selecting the appropriate code.
Set – I Set – II
(Research types) (Characteristics)
(a) Fundamental research (i) Finding out the extent of perceived impact of an
intervention
(b) Applied research (ii) Developing an effective explanation through theory
building
(c) Action research (iii) Improving an existing situation through use of
interventions
(d) Evaluative research (iv) Exploring the possibility of a theory for use in various
situations
(v) Enriching technological resources
Code :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(1) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
(2) (v) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(3) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(4) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
Answer: 1
2. Which of the sets of activities best indicate the cyclic nature of action research strategy ?
(1) Reflect, Observe, Plan, Act
(2) Observe, Act, Reflect, Plan
(3) Act, Plan, Observe, Reflect
(4) Plan, Act, Observe, Reflect
Answer: 4
3. Which of the following sequences of research steps is nearer to scientific method ?
(1) Suggested solution of the problem, Deducing the consequences of the solution, Perceiving
the problem situation, Location of the difficulty and testing the solutions.
(2) Perceiving the problem situation, Locating the actual problem and its definition,
Hypothesizing, Deducing the consequences of the suggested solution and Testing the
hypothesis in action.
(3) Defining a problem, Identifying the causes of the problem, Defining a population,
Drawing a sample, Collecting data and Analysing results.
(4) Identifying the causal factors, Defining the problem, Developing a hypothesis, Selecting
a sample, Collecting data and arriving at generalizations and Conclusions.
Answer: 3
4. The problem of ‘research ethics’ is concerned with which aspect of research activities ?
(1) Following the prescribed format of a thesis
(2) Data analysis through qualitative or quantitative techniques
(3) Defining the population of research
(4) Evidence based research reporting
Answer: 4
5. In which of the following activities, potential for nurturing creative and critical thinking is
relatively greater ?
(1) Preparing research summary
(2) Presenting a seminar paper
(3) Participation in research conference
(4) Participation in a workshop
Answer: 4
1. Which of the following research types focuses on ameliorating the prevailing situations ?
(1) Fundamental Research
(2) Applied Research
(3) Action Research
(4) Experimental Research
Answer : 3
2. A researcher attempts to evaluate the effect of method of feeding on anxiety – proneness of
children. Which method of research would be appropriate for this ?
(1) Case study method
(2) Experimental method
(3) Ex-post-facto method
(4) Survey method
Answer : 3
3. In which of the following arrangements a wider spectrum of ideas and issues may be made
possible ?
(1) Research Article
(2) Workshop mode
(3) Conference
(4) Symposium
Answer : 2
4. In finalizing a thesis writing format which of the following would form part of supplementary
pages ?
(1) List of tables and figures
(2) Table of contents
(3) Conclusions of the study
(4) Bibliography and Appendices
Answer : 1
5. Which of the following is susceptible to the issue of research ethics ?
(1) Inaccurate application of statistical techniques
(2) Faulty research design
(3) Choice of sampling techniques
(4) Reporting of research findings
Answer : 4
1. The principal of a school conducts an interview session of teachers and students with a
view to explore the possibility of their enhanced participation in school programmes. This
endeavour may be related to which type of research ?
(1) Evaluation Research
(2) Fundamental Research
(3) Action Research
(4) Applied Research
Answer: 3
2. In doing action research what is the usual sequence of steps ?
(1) Reflect, observe, plan, act
(2) Plan, act, observe, reflect
(3) Plan, reflect, observe, act
(4) Act, observe, plan, reflect
Answer: 2
3. Which sequence of research steps is logical in the list given below ?
(1) Problem formulation, Analysis, Development of Research design, Hypothesis
making, Collection of data, Arriving at generalizations and conclusions.
(2) Development of Research design, Hypothesis making, Problem formulation, Data
analysis, Arriving at conclusions and data collection.
(3) Problem formulation, Hypothesis making, Development of a Research design,
Collection of data, Data analysis and formulation of generalizations and conclusions.
(4) Problem formulation, Deciding about the sample and data collection tools,
Formulation of hypothesis, Collection and interpretation of research evidence.
Answer: 3
4. Below are given two sets – research methods (Set-I) and data collection tools (Set-II).
Match the two sets and indicate your answer by selecting the correct code :
Set – I
(Research Methods)
Set – II
(Data Collection Tools)
a. Experimental method i. Using primary and secondary sources
b. Ex post-facto method ii. Questionnaire
c. Descriptive survey method iii. Standardized tests
d. Historical method iv. Typical characteristic tests
Codes :
a b c d
(1) ii i iii iv
(2) iii iv ii i
(3) ii iii i iv
(4) ii iv iii i
Answer: 2
5. The issue of ‘research ethics’ may be considered pertinent at which stage of research ?
(1) At the stage of problem formulation and its definition
(2) At the stage of defining the population of research
(3) At the stage of data collection and interpretation
(4) At the stage of reporting the findings.
Answer :4
1. In qualitative research paradigm, which of the following features may be considered critical?
(A) Data collection with standardised research tools.
(B) Sampling design with probability sample techniques.
(C) Data collection with bottom-up empirical evidences.
(D) Data gathering to take with top-down systematic evidences.
Answer: C
2. From the following list of statements identify the set which has negative implications for ‘research ethics’ :
(i) A researcher critically looks at the findings of another research.
(ii) Related studies are cited without proper references.
(iii) Research findings are made the basis for policy making.
(iv) Conduct of practitioner is screened in terms of reported research evidences.
(v) A research study is replicated with a view to verify the evidences from other researches.
(vi) Both policy making and policy implementing processes are regulated in terms of preliminary studies.
Codes:
(A) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(B) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(C) (ii), (iv) and (vi)
(D) (i), (iii) and (v)
Answer: C
3. In a research on the effect of child-rearing practices on stress-proneness of children in competing school projects, the hypothesis formulated is that ‘child rearing practices do influence stress-proneness’. At the data-analysis stage a null hypothesis is advanced to find out the tenability of research hypothesis. On the basis of the evidence available, the null hypothesis is rejected at 0.01 level of significance. What decision may be warranted in respect of the research hypothesis?
(A) The research hypothesis will also be rejected.
(B) The research hypothesis will be accepted.
(C) Both the research hypothesis and the null hypothesis will be rejected.
(D) No decision can be taken in respect of the research hypothesis.
Answer: B
4. A research intends to explore the effect of possible factors for the organization of effective mid-day meal interventions. Which research method will be most appropriate for this study?
(A) Historical method
(B) Descriptive survey method
(C) Experimental method
(D) Ex-post-facto method
Answer: D
5. Which of the following is an initial mandatory requirement for pursuing research?
(A) Developing a research design
(B) Formulating a research question
(C) Deciding about the data analysis procedure
(D) Formulating a research hypothesis
Answer: B
6. The format of thesis writing is the same as in
(A) preparation of a research paper/article
(B) writing of seminar presentation
(C) a research dissertation
(D) presenting a workshop/conference paper
Answer: C
1. Which of the following statements is not true in the context of participatory research?
(A) It recognizes knowledge as power.
(B) It emphasises on people as experts.
(C) It is a collective process of enquiry.
(D) Its sole purpose is production of knowledge.
Answer: D
2. Which of the following statements is true in the context of the testing of a hypothesis?
(A) It is only the alternative hypothesis, that can be tested.
(B) It is only the null hypothesis, that can be tested.
(C) Both, the alternative and the null hypotheses can be tested.
(D) Both, the alternative and the null hypotheses cannot be tested.
Answer: B
3. Which of the following are the basic rules of APA style of referencing format?
(a) Italicize titles of shorter works such as journal articles or essays
(b) Invert authors’ names (last name first)
(c) Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals
(d) Alphabetically index reference list
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
(A) (a) and (b)
(B) (b), (c) and (d)
(C) (c) and (d)
(D) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
Answer: B
4. Which of the following are the characteristics of a seminar?
(a) It is a form of academic instruction.
(b) It involves questioning, discussion and debates.
(c) It involves large groups of individuals.
(d) It needs involvement of skilled persons.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below
(A) (b) and (c)
(B) (b) and (d)
(C) (b), (c) and (d)
(D) (a), (b) and (d)
Answer: D
5. A researcher is interested in studying the prospects of a particular political party in an urban area. What tool should he prefer for the study?
(A) Rating scale
(B) Interview
(C) Questionnaire
(D) Schedule
Answer: C
6. Ethical norms in research do not involve guidelines for:
(A) Thesis format
(B) Copyright
(C) Patenting policy
(D) Data sharing policies
Answer: A
7. Consider the argument given below:
‘Pre – employment testing of teachers is quite fair because doctors, architects and engineers who are now employed had to face such a testing.’
What type of argument it is?
(A) Deductive
(B) Analogical
(C) Psychological
(D) Biological
Answer: B
8. A definition that has a meaning that is deliberately assigned to some symbol is called:
(A) Lexical
(B) Precising
(C) Stipulative
(D) Persuasive
Answer: C
9. A Cluster of propositions with a structure that exhibits some inference is called
(A) An inference
(B) An argument
(C) An explanation
(D) A valid argument
Answer: B
1. Which of the following statements regarding the meaning of research are correct
(a) Research refers to a series of systematic activity or activities undertaken to find out the solution of a problem
(b) It is a systematic, logical and an unbiased process wherein verification of hypothesis data analysis, interpretation and formation of principles can be done
(c) It is an intellectual enquiry or quest towards truth
(d) It leads to enhancement of knowledge
(A) (a), (b) and (c)
(B) (b), (c) and (d)
(C) (a), (c) and (d)
(D) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
Answer: D
2. A good thesis writing should involve
(a) reduction of punctuation and grammatical errors to a minimum
(b) careful checking of references
(c) consistency in the way the thesis is written
(d) a clear and well written abstract
(A) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(B) (a), (b) and (c)
(C) (a), (b) and (d)
(D) (b), (c) and (d)
Answer: A
3. Jean Piaget gave a theory of cognitive development of humans on the basis of his
(A) Fundamental research e basis of his
(B) applied research
(C) Action research
(D) Evaluation Research
Answer: A
4. “Male and female students perform equally well in a numerical aptitude test.”
This statement indicates a(A) research hypothesis
(B) null hypothesis
(C) directional hypothesis
(D) statistical hypothesis
Answer: B
5. The conclusions/findings of which type of research cannot be generalized to other situations
(A) Historical research
(B) Descriptive Research
(C) Experimental Research
(D) Causal Comparative Research
Answer: C
6.Which of the following steps are required to design a questionnaire
(a) Writing primary and secondary aims of the study
(b) Review of the current literature
(c) Prepare a draft of questionnaire
(d) Revision of the draft
(A) (a), (b) and (c)
(B) (a), (c) and (d)
(C) (b), (c) and (d)
(D) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
Answer: B
7. When the purpose of a definition is to explain the use or to eliminate ambiguity the definition is called
(A) Stipulative
(B) Theoretical
(C) Lexical
(D) Persuasive
Answer: B
1. The core elements of dissertation are
(A) Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and Recommendations
(B) Executive Summary; Literature review; Data gathered; Conclusions; Bibliography
(C) Research Plan; Research Data; Analysis; References
(D) Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussion and Conclusion
Answer: D
2. What is a Research Design?
(A) A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
(B) The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods.
(C) The style in which you present your research findings e.g. a graph.
(D) A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.
Answer: D
3. “Sampling Cases” means
(A) Sampling using a sampling frame
(B) Identifying people who are suitable for research
(C) Literally the researcher’s brief case
(D) Sampling of people, newspapers, television programmes etc.
Answer: D
4. The frequency distribution of a research data which is symmetrical in shape similar to a normal distribution but center peak is much higher, is
(A) Skewed
(B) Mesokurtic
(C) Leptokurtic
(D) Platykurtic
Answer: C
5. When planning to do a social research, it is better to
(A) Approach the topic with an open mind
(B) Do a pilot study before getting stuck into it
(C) Be familiar with literature on the topic
(D) Forget about theory because this is a very practical
Answer: A
6. When academicians are called to deliver lecture or presentations to an audience on certain topics or a set of topics of educational nature, it is called
(A) Training Program
(B) Seminar
(C) Workshop
(D) Symposium
Answer: B
7. Media is known as
(A) First Estate
(B) Second Estate
(C) Third Estate
(D) Fourth Estate
Answer: D
1. In a thesis, figures and tables are included in
(A) The appendix
(B) A separate chapter
(C) The concluding chapter
(D) The text itself
Answer: D
2. A thesis statement is
(A) An observation
(B) A fact
(C) An assertion
(D) A discussion
Answer: C
3. The research approach of Max Weber to understand how people create meanings in natural settings is identified as
(A) Positive paradigm
(B) Critical paradigm
(C) Natural paradigm
(D) Interpretative paradigm
Answer: D
4. Which one of the following is a non probability sampling?
(A) Simple Random
(B) Purposive
(C) Systematic
(D) Stratified
Answer: B
5. Identify the category of evaluation that assesses the learning progress to provide continuous feedback to the students during instruction.
(A) Placement
(B) Diagnostic
(C) Formative
(D) Summative
Answer: C
6. The research stream of immediate application is
(A) Conceptual research
(B) Action research
(C) Fundamental research
(D) Empirical research
Answer: B
1. The population information is called parameter while the corresponding sample information is known as
(A) Universe
(B) Inference
(C) Sampling design
(D) Statistics
Answer: D
2. The sequential operations in scientific research are
(A) Co-vaiation, Elimination of Spurious Relations, Generalisation, Theorisation
(B) Generalisation, Co-variation, Theorisation, Elimination of Spurious Relations
(C) Theorisation, Generalisation, Elimination of Spurious Relations, Co-variation
(D) Elimination of Spurious Relations, Theorisation, Generalisation, Co-variation.
Answer: A
3. In sampling, the lottery method is used for
(A) Interpretation
(B) Theorisation
(C) Conceptualisation
(D) Randomisation
Answer: D
4. Which is the main objective of research?
(A) To review the literature
(B) To summarize what is already known
(C) To get an academic degree
(D) To discover new facts or to make fresh interpretation of known facts
Answer: D
5. Sampling error decreases with the
(A) Decrease in sample size
(B) Increase in sample size
(C) Process of randomization
(D) Process of analysis
Answer: B
6. The Principles of fundamental research are used in
(A) Action research
(B) Applied research
(C) Philosophical research
(D) Historical research
Answer: B
1. Which one of the following is not a type of experimental method?
(A) Single group experiment
(B) Residual group experiment
(C) Parallel group experiment
(D) Rational group experiment
Answer: B
2. Which one of the following is not a non-parametric test ?
(A) t-test
(B) Sign test
(C) Chi-square test
(D) Run test
Answer: A
3. Read the following statements – one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Qualitative research in India has a long way to go to reach international standards.
Reason (R) : Because the funding agencies do not support qualitative research in academic institutions.
Find the correct answer from the codes given below :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(D) (A) is true, but (R) is false
Answer: D
4. Identify the correct sequence of research steps :
(A) Selection of topic, review of literature, data collection, interpretation of findings
(B) Review of literature, selection of topic, data collection, interpretation of findings
(C) Selection of topic, data collection, review of literature, interpretation of findings
(D) Selection of topic, review of literature, interpretation of findings, data collection
Answer: A
5. Deconstruction is a popular method of research in
(A) Basic Science
(B) Applied Science
(C) Social Science
(D) Literature
Answer: D
6. With which one of the following techniques communality is associated?
(A) Univariate analysis
(B) Factor analysis
(C) Case studies
(D) SWOT analysis
Answer: B
7. The variable which impacts the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable is known as
(A) antecedent variable
(B) precedent variable
(C) predictor variable
(D) control variable
Answer: D
8. Which one of the following is a nonprobability sampling method?
(A) Simple Random Sampling
(B) Stratified Sampling
(C) Cluster Sampling
(D) Quota Sampling
Answer: D
1. A research paper
(A) is a compilation of information on a topic.
(B) contains original research as deemed by the author.
(C) contains peer-reviewed original research or evaluation of research conducted by others.
(D) can be published in more than one journal.
Answer: C
2. Which one of the following belongs to the category of good ‘research ethics’?
(A) Publishing the same paper in two research journals without telling the editors.
(B) Conducting a review of the literature that acknowledges the contributions of other people in the relevant field or relevant prior work.
(C) Trimming outliers from a data set without discussing your reasons in a research paper.
(D) Including a colleague as an author on a research paper in return for a favor even though the colleague did not make a serious contribution to the paper.
Answer: B
3. Which of the following sampling methods is not based on probability?
(A) Simple Random Sampling
(B) Stratified Sampling
(C) Quota Sampling
(D) Cluster Sampling
Answer: C
4. Which one of the following references is written as per Modern Language Association (MLA) format?
(A) Hall, Donald. Fundamentals of Electronics, New Delhi : Prentice Hall of India, 2005
(B) Hall, Donald. Fundamentals of Electronics, New Delhi : Prentice Hall of India, 2005
(C) Hall, Donald. Fundamentals of Electronics, New Delhi : Prentice Hall of India, 2005
(D) Hall, Donald. Fundamentals of Electronics, New Delhi : Prentice Hall of India, 2005
Answer: D
5. A workshop is
(A) a conference for discussion on a topic.
(B) a meeting for discussion on a topic.
(C) a class at a college or a university in which a teacher and the students discuss a topic.
(D) a brief intensive course for a small group emphasizing the development of a skill or technique for solving a specific problem.
Answer: D
6. A working hypothesis is
(A) a proven hypothesis for an argument.
(B) not required to be tested.
(C) a provisionally accepted hypothesis for further research.
(D) a scientific theory.
Answer: C
1. Which one of the following is an indication of the quality of a research journal?
(A) Impact factor
(B) h-index
(C) g-index
(D) i10-index
Answer: A
2. Good ‘research ethics’ means
(A) Not disclosing the holdings of shares/stocks in a company that sponsors your research.
(B) Assigning a particular research problem to one Ph.D./research student only.
(C) Discussing with your colleagues confidential data from a research paper that you are reviewing for an academic journal.
(D) Submitting the same research manuscript for publishing in more than one journal.
Answer: B
3. Which of the following sampling methods is based on probability?
(A) Convenience sampling
(B) Quota sampling
(C) Judgement sampling
(D) Stratified sampling
Answer: D
4. Which one of the following references is written according to American Psychological Association (APA) format?
(A) Sharma, V. (2010). Fundamentals of Computer Science. New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill
(B) Sharma, V. 2010. Fundamentals of Computer Science. New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill
(C) Sharma.V. 2010. Fundamentals of Computer Science, New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill
(D) Sharma, V. (2010), Fundamentals of Computer Science, New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill
Answer: A
5. Arrange the following steps of research in correct sequence :
(1) Identification of research problem
(2) Listing of research objectives
(3) Collection of data
(4) Methodology
(5) Data analysis
(6) Results and discussion
(A) 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6
(B) 1 – 2 – 4 – 3 – 5 – 6
(C) 2 – 1 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6
(D) 2 – 1 – 4 – 3 – 5 – 6
Answer: B
6. Identify the incorrect statement:
(A) A hypothesis is made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigations.
(B) A hypothesis is a basis for reasoning without any assumption of its truth.
(C) Hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
(D) Scientific hypothesis is a scientific theory.
Answer: D
1. The research that aims at immediate application is
(A) Action Research
(B) Empirical Research
(C) Conceptual Research
(D) Fundamental Research
Answer: A
2. When two or more successive footnotes refer to the same work which one of the following expressions is used ?
(A) ibid
(B) et.al
(C) op.cit :
(D) loc.cit.
Answer: A
3. Nine year olds are taller than seven year olds. This is an example of a reference drawn from
(A) Vertical study
(B) Cross-sectional study
(C) Time series study
(D) Experimental study
Answer: B
4. Conferences are meant for
(A) Multiple target groups
(B) Group discussions
(C) Show-casing new Research
(D) All the above
Answer: D
5. Ex Post Facto research means
(A) The research is carried out after the incident
(B) The research is carried out prior to the incident
(C) The research is carried out along with the happening of an incident.
(D) The research is carried out keeping in mind the possibilities of an incident.
Answer: A
6. Research ethics do not include
(A) Honesty
(B) Subjectivity
(C) Integrity
(D) Objectivity
Answer: B
1. A hypothesis is a
(A) law
(B) canon
(C) postulate
(D) supposition
Answer: D
2. Suppose you want to investigate the working efficiency of nationalized bank in India, which one of the following would you follow?
(A) Area Sampling
(B) Multi-stage Sampling
(C) Sequential Sampling
(D) Quota Sampling
Answer: B
3. Controlled group condition is applied in
(A) Survey Research
(B) Historical Research
(C) Experimental Research
(D) Descriptive Research
Answer: C
4. Workshops are meant for
(A) giving lectures
(B) multiple target groups
(C) showcase new theories
(D) hands on training/experience
Answer: D
5. Which one of the following is a research tool?
(A) Graph
(B) Illustration
(C) Questionnaire
(D) Diagram
Answer: C
6. Research is not considered ethical if it
(A) tries to prove a particular point.
(B) does not ensure privacy and anonymity of the respondent.
(C) does not investigate the data scientifically.
(D) is not of a very high standard.
Answer: B
1. A research paper is a brief report of research work based on
(A) Primary Data only
(B) Secondary Data only
(C) Both Primary and Secondary Data
(D) None of the above
Answer: C
2. Newton gave three basic laws of motion. This research is categorized as
(A) Descriptive Research
(B) Sample Survey
(C) Fundamental Research
(D) Applied Research
Answer: C
3. A group of experts in a specific area of knowledge assembled at a place and prepared a syllabus for a new course. The process may be termed as
(A) Seminar
(B) Workshop
(C) Conference
(D) Symposium
Answer: B
4. In the process of conducting research “Formulation of Hypothesis” is followed by
(A) Statement of Objectives
(B) Analysis of Data
(C) Selection of Research Tools
(D) Collection of Data
Answer: D
5. Which one of the following methods is best suited for mapping the distribution of different crops as provided in the standard classification of crops in India ?
(A) Pie diagram
(B) Chorochromatic technique
(C) Isopleth technique
(D) Dot method
Answer: B
6. Which one of the following does not come under the methods of data classification ?
(A) Qualitative
(B) Normative
(C) Spatial
(D) Quantitative
Answer: C
7. Which one of the following is not a source of data ?
(A) Administrative records
(B) Population census
(C) GIS
(D) Sample survey
Answer: A
8. The essential qualities of a researcher are
(A) spirit of free enquiry
(B) reliance on observation and evidence
(C) systematization or theorizing of knowledge
(D) all the above
Answer: D
9. Research is conducted to
I. Generate new knowledge
II. Not to develop a theory
III. Obtain research degree
IV. Reinterpret existing knowledge
Which of the above are correct ?
(A) I, III & II
(B) III, II & IV
(C) II, I & III
(D) I, III & IV
Answer: D
1. Which of the following variables cannot be expressed in quantitative terms?
(A) Socio-economic Status
(B) Marital Status
(C) Numerical Aptitude
(D) Professional Attitude
Answer: D
2. A doctor studies the relative effectiveness of two drugs of dengue fever. His research would be classified as
(A) Descriptive Survey
(B) Experimental Research
(C) Case Study
(D) Ethnography
Answer: B
3. The term ‘phenomenology’ is associated with the process of
(A) Qualitative Research
(B) Analysis of Variance
(C) Correlational Study
(D) Probability Sampling
Answer: A
4. The ‘Sociogram’ technique is used to study
(A) Vocational Interest
(B) Professional Competence
(C) Human Relations
(D) Achievement Motivation
Answer: C
5. Which one of the following methods serve to measure correlation between two variables?
(A) Scatter Diagram
(B) Frequency Distribution
(C) Two-way table
(D) Coefficient of Rank Correlation
Answer: D
6. Which of the following phrases is not relevant to describe the meaning of research as a process?
(A) Systematic Activity
(B) Objective Observation
(C) Trial and Error
(D) Problem Solving
Answer: B
7. Which of the following is not an example of a continuous variable?
(A) Family size
(B) Intelligence
(C) Height
(D) Attitude
Answer: B
1. Action research means
(A) A longitudinal research
(B) An applied research
(C) A research initiated to solve an immediate problem
(D) A research with socioeconomic objective
Answer: C
2. Research is
(A) Searching again and again
(B) Finding solution to any problem
(C) Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem
(D) None of the above
Answer: C
3. A common test in research demands much priority on
(A) Reliability
(B) Useability
(C) Objectivity
(D) All of the above
Answer: D
4. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
(A) Searching sources of information to locate problem.
(B) Survey of related literature
(C) Identification of problem
(D) Searching for solutions to the problem
Answer: A
5. If a researcher conducts a research on finding out which administrative style contributes more to institutional effectiveness ? This will be an example of
(A) Basic Research
(B) Action Research
(C) Applied Research
(D) None of the above
Answer: C
6. Normal Probability Curve should be
(A) Positively skewed
(B) Negatively skewed
(C) Leptokurtic skewed
(D) Zero skewed
Answer: D
7. Which one of the following is the oldest Archival source of data in India ?
(A) National Sample Surveys
(B) Agricultural Statistics
(C) Census
(D) Vital Statistics
Answer: A
8. In a large random data set following normal distribution, the ratio (%) of number of data points which are in the range of (mean ± standard deviation) to the total number of data points, is
(A) ~ 50%
(B) ~ 67%
(C) ~ 97%
(D) ~ 47%
Answer: B
1. A null hypothesis is
(A) when there is no difference between the variables
(B) the same as research hypothesis
(C) subjective in nature
(D) when there is difference between the variables
Answer: A
2. The research which is exploring new facts through the study of the past is called
(A) Philosophical research
(B) Historical research
(C) Mythological research
(D) Content analysis
Answer: B
3. Action research is
(A) An applied research
(B) A research carried out to solve immediate problems
(C) A longitudinal research
(D) Simulative research
Answer: B
4. The process not needed in Experimental Researches is
(A) Observation
(B) Manipulation
(C) Controlling
(D) Content Analysis
Answer: B
5. Manipulation is always a part of
(A) Historical research
(B) Fundamental research
(C) Descriptive research
(D) Experimental research
Answer: C
6. Which correlation co-efficient best explains the relationship between creativity and intelligence?
(A) 1.00
(B) 0.6
(C) 0.5
(D) 0.3
Answer: A
1. How can the objectivity of the research be enhanced?
(A) Through its impartiality
(B) Through its reliability
(C) Through its validity
(D) All of these
Answer: D
2. Action-research is:
(A) An applied research
(B) A research carried out to solve immediate problems
(C) A longitudinal research
(D) All the above
Answer: B
3. The basis on which assumptions are formulated:
(A) Cultural background of the country
(B) Universities
(C) Specific characteristics of the castes
(D) All of these
Answer: A
4. Which of the following is classified in the category of the developmental research?
(A) Philosophical research
(B) Action research
(C) Descriptive research
(D) All the above
Answer: D
5. We use Factorial Analysis:
(A) To know the relationship between two variables
(B) To test the Hypothesis
(C) To know the difference between two variables
(D) To know the difference among the many variables
Answer: C
1. The research is always –
(A) verifying the old knowledge
(B) exploring new knowledge
(C) filling the gap between knowledge
(D) all of these
Answer: D
2. The research that applies the laws at the time of field study to draw more and more clear ideas about the problem is:
(A) Applied research
(B) Action research
(C) Experimental research
(D) None of these
Answer: C
3. When a research problem is related to heterogeneous population, the most suitable sampling method is:
(A) Cluster Sampling
(B) Stratified Sampling
(C) Convenient Sampling
(D) Lottery Method
Answer: B
4. The process not needed in experimental research is:
(A) Observation
(B) Manipulation and replication
(C) Controlling
(D) Reference collection
Answer: A
5. A research problem is not feasible only when:
(A) it is researchable
(B) it is new and adds something to knowledge
(C) it consists of independent and dependent variables
(D) it has utility and relevance
Answer: C
1. Research problem is selected from the stand point of:
(A) Researcher’s interest
(B) Financial support
(C) Social relevance
(D) Availability of relevant literature
Answer: C
2. Which one is called non-probability sampling?
(A) Cluster sampling
(B) Quota sampling
(C) Systematic sampling
(D) Stratified random sampling
Answer: B
3. Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in:
(A) Survey method
(B) Historical studies
(C) Experimental studies
(D) Normative studies
Answer: B
4. Field-work based research is classified as:
(A) Empirical
(B) Historical
(C) Experimental
(D) Biographical
Answer: A
5. Which of the following sampling method is appropriate to study the prevalence of AIDS amongst male and female in India in 1976, 1986, 1996 and 2006?
(A) Cluster sampling
(B) Systematic sampling
(C) Quota sampling
(D) Stratified random sampling
Answer: B
6. A statistical measure based upon the entire population is called parameter while measure based upon a sample is known as:
(A) Sample parameter
(B) Inference
(C) Statistics
(D) None of these
Answer: C
7. The importance of the correlation co-efficient lies in the fact that:
(A) There is a linear relationship between the correlated variables.
(B) It is one of the most valid measure of statistics.
(C) It allows one to determine the degree or strength of the association between two variables.
(D) It is a non-parametric method of statistical analysis.
Answer: C
8. The F-test:
(A) is essentially a two tailed test.
(B) is essentially a one tailed test.
(C) can be one tailed as well as two tailed depending on the hypothesis.
(D) can never be a one tailed test.
Answer: C
9. Which one of the following is the most comprehensive source of population data?
(A) National Family Health Surveys
(B) National Sample Surveys
(C) Census
(D) Demographic Health Surveys
Answer: C
10. Which one of the following principles is not applicable to sampling?
(A) Sample units must be clearly defined
(B) Sample units must be dependent on each other
(C) Same units of sample should be used throughout the study
(D) Sample units must be chosen in a systematic and objective manner
Answer: B
1. Generalised conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as:
(A) Data analysis and interpretation
(B) Parameter inference
(C) Statistical inference
(D) All of the above
Answer : A
2. The experimental study is based on:
(A) The manipulation of variables
(B) Conceptual parameters
(C) Replication of research
(D) Survey of literature
Answer : A
3. The main characteristic of scientific research is:
(A) empirical
(B) theoretical
(C) experimental
(D) all of the above
Answer : D
4. Authenticity of a research finding is its:
(A) Originality
(B) Validity
(C) Objectivity
(D) All of the above
Answer : C
5. Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite?
(A) Area Sampling Technique
(B) Purposive Sampling Technique
(C) Systematic Sampling Technique
(D) None of the above
Answer : C
1. To test null hypothesis, a researcher uses:
(A) t test
(B) ANOVA
(C) X2
(D) factorial analysis
Answer : B
2. A research problem is feasible only when:
(A) it has utility and relevance
(B) it is researchable
(C) it is new and adds something to knowledge
(D) all the above
Answer : D
3. Bibliography given in a research report:
(A) shows vast knowledge of the researcher
(B) helps those interested in further research
(C) has no relevance to research
(D) all the above
Answer : B
4. Fundamental research reflects the ability to:
(A) Synthesize new ideals
(B) Expound new principles
(C) Evaluate the existing material concerning research
(D) Study the existing literature regarding various topics
Answer : B
5. The study in which the investigators attempt to trace an effect is known as:
(A) Survey Research
(B) ‘Ex-post Facto’ Research
(C) Historical Research
(D) Summative Research
Answer : B
6. A ratio represents the relation between:
(A) Part and Part
(B) Part and Whole
(C) Whole and Whole
(D) All of the above
Answer : D
7. Out of four numbers, the average of the first three numbers is thrice the fourth number. If the average of the four numbers is 5, the fourth number is:
(A) 4.5
(B) 5
(C) 2
(D) 4
Answer : C
8. Circle graphs are used to show:
(A) How various sections share in the whole?
(B) How various parts are related to the whole?
(C) How one whole is related to other wholes
(D) How one part is related to other parts?
Answer : B
9. Which of the following methods will you choose to prepare choropleth map of India showing urban density of population:
(A) Quartiles
(B) Quintiles
(C) Mean and SD
(D) Break – point
Answer : A
10. Which of the following methods is best suited to show on a map the types of crops being grown in a region?
(A) Choropleth
(B) Chorochromatic
(C) Choroschematic
(D) Isopleth
Answer : A
1. Research can be conducted by a person who:
(A) has studied research methodology
(B) holds a postgraduate degree
(C) possesses thinking and reasoning ability
(D) is a hard worker
Answer: (A)
2. Which of the following statements is correct?
(A) Objectives of research are stated in first chapter of the thesis
(B) Researcher must possess analytical ability
(C) Variability is the source of problem
(D) All the above
Answer: (D)
3. Which of the following is not the Method of Research?
(A) Observation
(B) Historical
(C) Survey
(D) Philosophical
Answer: (A)
4. Research can be classified as:
(A) Basic, Applied and Action Research
(B) Quantitative and Qualitative Research
(C) Philosophical, Historical, Survey and Experimental Research
(D) All the above
Answer: (D)
5. The first step of research is:
(A) Selecting a problem
(B) Searching a problem
(C) Finding a problem
(D) Identifying a problem
Answer: (D)
1. Which of the following options are the main tasks of research in modern society?
(I) to keep pace with the advancement in knowledge.
(II) to discover new things.
(III) to write a critique on the earlier writings.
(IV) to systematically examine and critically analyse the investigations/sources with objectivity.
(A) IV, II and I
(B) I, II and III
(C) I and III
(D) II, III and IV
Answer: (A)
2. Match List-I (Interviews) with List-II (Meaning) and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List – I (Interviews) List – II (Meaning)
(a) structured interviews (i) greater flexibility approach
(b) Unstructured interviews (ii) attention on the questions to be answered
(c) Focused interviews (iii) individual life experience
(d) Clinical interviews (iv) Pre determined question
(v) non-directive
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(B) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
(C) (v) (ii) (iv) (i)
(D) (i) (iii) (v) (iv)
Answer: (A)
3. What do you consider as the main aim of inter disciplinary research?
(A) To bring out holistic approach to research.
(B) To reduce the emphasis of single subject in research domain.
(C) To over simplify the problem of research.
(D) To create a new trend in research methodology.
Answer: (A)
4. One of the aims of the scientific method in research is to:
(A) improve data interpretation
(B) eliminate spurious relations
(C) confirm triangulation
(D) introduce new variables
Answer: (B)
5. The depth of any research can be judged by:
(A) title of the research.
(B) objectives of the research.
(C) total expenditure on the research.
(D) duration of the research.
Answer: (B)
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