Challenges in Higher Education in India
Similar to other topics based on the latest NTA UGC NET EXAM Syllabus…We have covered the people and environment syllabus topics in 8 parts as below along with the last 16 Years’ solved Question paper at the end of the tutorial.
You are advised to go through them in sequence and attempt the MCQ Question only after completion of all topics listed below.
Not only this there is some additional note that has been provided specifically for this section as it was seen that the same question was asked from recent affairs based on people and environment.
Study Notes on Topics Based on Unit-X Higher Education System Based Question
- Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India.
- Evolution of higher learning and research in Post Independence India.
- Oriental, Conventional and Non-conventional learning programmes in India.
- Professional, Technical and Skill-Based education.
- Value education and environmental education.
- Policies, Governance, and Administration.
- MCQ Based on last 10 years solved question papers
Some other important topics which are interrelated to above-
- New Education Policy
- Important Higher Education Body in India | Short Notes 2020
- Top 10 Important Government Bodies You Must Know About
- Kick-start Notes on AICTE for Higher Education System
- Important Key Facts of Higher Education System in India for UGC NET
- Challenges in Higher Education in India
- Important Notes On Policies, Governance, and Administration
- Important Higher Education Body in India | Short Notes 2020
Challenges in Higher Education in India
Higher education in India has achieved a remarkable level since independence. In terms of the number of institutions, quality of education and enrolments’ things have improved drastically. The government is regularly putting in efforts with the help of Institutional and infrastructural support to the education sector.
As per a report by MHRD, Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in India has raised to 18.8%, however, there is still a long way to go when comes to comparing the percentage at the global level this percentage is less by 6 %.
The bodies like National Knowledge Commission (NKC), Yashpal Committee, etc have been formed with the objective to bring reforms in the education sector. However, such recommendations have seldom been implemented until they are outdated.
India is proudly delivering quality education to many graduates- postgraduates through top institutions like- IITs, NITs, IIMs, State Universities etc. But then where is the flaw in the whole structure, that is needed to be known.
Problems with Higher Education in India
Among a number of challenges and issues, hereby a few are listed below-
Supply-Demand Imbalance-
India is a blessed country in terms of demographic dividends. Its youth population is more in number than the population below 14 and above 59. It means the independent population is high than the dependent. This should pay to benefit India but again the worst imbalance in supply-demand is spoiling the show.
A huge pool of young people can be converted as the biggest strength in the form of the workforce for development purposes but ironically it is working another way around.
A large population is unemployed due to poor skills and qualifications they hold. Even their skills are not matching the current trends of the industry so there is a huge imbalance in the supply-demand side of the workforce.
Mushrooming of Low-Quality Institutes-
Next in the row is Mushrooming of low-quality institutes throughout the country which no doubt generates the next unemployable persons. Running an institution has become a lucrative business option and on the basis of high advertising tools, many poor-quality institutions are able to secure admissions. It is actually killing the very spirit of the higher education industry which was otherwise meant to produce only qualified professionals. Such colleges are just factories to produce an unemployed population and are meant to fill their own pockets only.
Less focus on Vocational courses-
Because of a lack of knowledge and awareness students don’t go for vocational courses. Rather they believe in routine ways of education. Neither any real project-based learning is given to the students. However, many young graduates must learn new skills there in the market especially vocational skills so they can secure jobs easily. Just theory learning will not help, practical application of the knowledge should rather be focused on.
However, with the schemes like PMKVY (Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana) much self- employment based short training centers have been opened by the government to get a job to the youth.
Rhetoric Strategy and Poor implementation-
Our education policy documents are full of rhetoric literature. There seems to be no place for the real numbers. Moreover, in spite of many committees and commissions, there is no room for implementation on the ground level. It remains only at a snail’s pace.
Slow sanction and under-utilization of Funds-
There is always a hue and cry in universities over the flow of grants. However, even if there is money to be spent it is majorly spent on flaunting rather than the real and meaningful things. Everyone is well aware of the march rush when universities rush to spend money in order to prevent it from lapsing once the financial year is over.
Proper recognition of quality research-
Higher education institutions are meant to promote research and that research should be utilized in industries for collective advancement. With the fake research models, the level of research is regularly coming done, and those who do real work are also discouraged.
High place of Nepotism in Selections-
Quality work and high-level professional skills are put secondary when it comes to recruiting permanent posts at the university level. Money power and political connections play a notable role and thus the major talented staff of the country is forced to divert its direction and look towards either private institutions or abroad.